Peer Reviewed Publications in Journals
Akiba, R. and A. T. Fisher (2025), Parameter space exploration of low-to-moderate temperature hydrothermal systems on ocean worlds using a Monte Carlo framework, Planet. Sci. J. 6, 210, doi: 10.3847/PSJ/adf558.
Albers, E., Alexander Diehl, Jessica N. Fitzsimmons, Laramie T. Jensen, Frieder Klein, Jill M. McDermott, Autun Purser, Jeffrey S. Seewald, Maren Walter, Gunter Wegener, Wolfgang Bach, Antje Boetius, Christopher R. German. (2025). Ultramafic-influenced submarine venting on basaltic seafloor at the Polaris site, 87°N, Gakkel Ridge,Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Volume 651,119166, ISSN 0012-821X, 10.1016/j.epsl.2024.119166.
Albers, E., F.Genske, J.S. Seewald, M.Walter, J.Mette, G.Wegener, M.Molari, C.Klaembt, L.Galluci, T.Isler, L.Böhringer, J.N.Fitzsimmons, S.Gunnells, V.Schlindwein and C.R.German (2025). Enigmatic H2- and CH4-rich hydrothermal plumes at the ultramafic-hosted Lucky B site, 81°N on Lena Trough, Arctic Ocean. Scientific Reports, doi:10.1038/s41598-025-19746-5, 2025.
Becker, K., Earl E. Davis, Andrew T. Fisher, and Heinrich Villinger. (2025). Monitoring subseafloor temperature and fluid pressure in sealed ODP/IODP boreholes to constrain in situ hydrological state and processes in igneous oceanic crust. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 62(4): 658-683.
Boden, Joanne & Som, Sanjoy & Brazelton, William & Anderson, Rika & Stüeken, Eva. (2025). Evaluating Serpentinization as a Source of Phosphite to Microbial Communities in Hydrothermal Vents. Geobiology. 23. e70016. 10.1111/gbi.70016.
Elkassas S., Serres MH, Navarro M, Patterson A, Zhivkova T, Petersen M, Weeks K, Lang S, Seewald J, Wheat G, Trembath-Reichert E, Huber JA. (2025a). Draft genome sequences of six high pH adapted Marinobacter shengliensis strains isolated from Mariana forearc serpentinite mud volcanoes. Microbiol Resour Announc 14:e01045-24.
Elkassas SM, Fortunato CS, Grim SL, Butterfield DA, Holden JF, Vallino JJ, Algar CK, Zeigler Allen L, Larson BT, Proskurowski G, Reddington E, Stewart LC, Topçuoğlu B, Huber JA. (2025b). Metabolic and population profiles of active subseafloor autotrophs in young oceanic crust at deep-sea hydrothermal vents. Appl Environ Microbiol 0:e01868-25, https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.01868-25.
German,C.R., S.Q.Lang & J.N.Fitzsimmons (2025). Marine Hydrothermal Processes. In: Weis, D. & Anbar, A. (eds.). Treatise on Geochemistry (3rd Edn.) 4, 145-176.
Hand, K.P and R.W. Carlson (2025). 𝐹 and 𝐹 -aggregate color centers in 100 K and room temperature KCl grains irradiated with 10 keV electrons, Phys. Rev. B 112, 014114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/77s1-lwtr.
Hansell, D.A., C.R.German, C.A. Carlson, E.R.M. Druffel, W.J. Jenkins, S.Q. Lang, B.M. Toner (2025). Hydrothermally Induced Refractory DOC Sinks in the Deep Pacific Ocean. GBC, 39, https://doi.org/10.1029/2025GB008659, 2025.
Howells, A.E.G., Fontana, C.G., Elkassas, S. et al. Searching for extraterrestrial life advances terrestrial sustainability. Nat Commun 17, 109 (2026). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-67794-2
Robare, J. A., and E. L. Shock (2025). Distinguishing potential organic biosignatures on ocean worlds from abiotic geochemical products using thermodynamic calculations, Icarus, Volume 429, 116431, ISSN 0019-1035.
Walter, M., A.Türke, A.Diehl, C.R.German, C.Mertens, J.Mette, P.Monien, S.Prause, J.Sültenfuss, W.Bach, V.Schlindwein & A.Boetius (2025). Properties and dispersal of a hydrothermal plume in a weakly stratified under-ice environment (2025). Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. 26, e2024GC012016 http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2024GC012016.
Zhang, Y., Bire, S., Wang, Shuang., Nath, A., Ramadhan, A., Kang,Wanying & Marshall, J. (2025). Long transit time from the Seafloor to the Ice Shell on Enceladus, M.N.Royal Astron. Soc. 541, 859–871, https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staf1008
Baker, I. R., & Girguis, P. R. (2024). Sulfur cycling likely obscures dynamic biologically‐driven iron redox cycling in contemporary methane seep environments. Environmental Microbiology Reports, 16, e13263. https://doi.org/10.1111/1758-2229.13263
Blackman, D. K., Talavera-Soza, S., Hung, R.-J., Collins, J. A., & Laske, G. (2024). Pacific seafloor in the 40-52 Myr old portion of the Molokai to Murray corridor. Marine Geology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2024.107246
Elkassas, S., Serres, M., Richardson, D., Zhilina, T., & Huber, J. (2024). Draft genome sequence of Methanocalculus natronophilus sp. strain Z-7105T, an alkaliphilic, methanogenic archaeon isolated from a soda lake. Microbiology Resource Announcements, 13:e00350-24..
Fisher, A. T., Dickerson, K. L., Blackman, D. K., Randolph-Flagg, N., German, C. R., & Sotin, C. (2024). Sustaining hydrothermal circulation with gravity relevant to ocean worlds. Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets, 129,e2023JE008202.
Hoehler, T. M., Amend, J. P., Jørgensen, B. B., Orphan, V. J., & Lever, M. A. (2024). Studies on life at the energetic edge–from laboratory experiments to field-based investigations, volume II. Frontiers in Microbiology, 14, 1351761.
Hu, S. K., Anderson, R. E., Pachiadaki, M. G., Edgcomb, V. P., Serres, M. H., Sylva, S. P., German, C. R., Seewald, J. S., Lang, S. Q., & Huber, J. A. (2024). Microbial eukaryotic predation pressure and biomass at deep-sea hydrothermal vents. ISME Journal, 18. https://doi.org/10.1093/ismejo/wrae004
Hwang, Y., Cornman, A. L., Kellogg, E. H., Ovchinnikov, S., & Girguis, P. R. (2024). Genomic language model predicts protein co-regulation and function. Nature Communications, 15, 2880. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-46947-9
Kang, W. (2024). Non-synchronized rotation of icy moon ice shell: The thermal wind perspective. Science Advances, 10. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adk2277
Mitchell, J. H., Freedman, A. H., Delaney, J. A., & Girguis, P. R. (2024). Co-expression analysis reveals distinct alliances around two carbon fixation pathways in hydrothermal vent symbionts. Nature Microbiology, 9, 1526–1539 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41564-024-01704-y.
Neveu, M., Quinn, R., Barge, L. M., Craft, K. L., German, C. R., Getty, S., ... Yang, Z. (2024). Future of the search for life: Workshop report. Astrobiology, 24, 114–129. https://doi.org/10.1089/ast.2022.0158
Parsons, P. K. F., Wheat, C. G., Fisher, A. T., Silver, E. A., and Hutnak, M. (2024). Hydrothermal seepage of altered crustal formation water seaward of the Middle America Trench, offshore Costa Rica. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 25, e2023GC011246.
Peter, J.S., Nordheim, T.A. and Hand, K.P. (2024).Detection of HCN and diverse redox chemistry in the plume of Enceladus. Nat Astron 8, 164–173.
Robinson, K., Seewald, J. S., Sylva, S. P., Fecteau, K. M., & Shock, E. L. (2024). Thermodynamic property estimations for aqueous primary, secondary, and tertiary alkylamines, benzylamines, and their corresponding aminiums across temperature and pressure are validated by measurements from experiments. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 372, 62–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2024.03.013
Som, S., Sevgen, S., Suttle, A., Bowman, J., and Schmidt, B. (2024). Thermodynamic predictions of hydrogen generation during the serpentinization of harzburgite with seawater-derived brines. Planetary Science Journal, in press.
Zhang, Y., Kang, W., & Marshall, J. (2024). Ocean weather systems on icy moons, with application to Enceladus. Science Advances,10,eadn6857(2024).DOI:10.1126/sciadv.adn6857.
Baker, I., S. L. Matzen, C. S. Schuler, B. M. Toner, P. R. Girguis (2023). The chemical footprint of a non-stalk-forming iron-oxidizing bacterium impedes abiotic iron oxidation. PNAS Nexus, DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad421
Bire, S., Mittal, T., Kang, W., Ramadhan, A., Tuckman, P., Thurnherr, A., & Marshall, J. (2023). Divergent behavior of hydrothermal plumes in fresh versus saline icy ocean worlds. Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023JE007740
Ely, T., Leong, J. A. M., Canovas, P. C. III, & Shock, E. L. (2023). Huge variation in H₂ generation during seawater alteration of ultramafic rocks. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 24, e2022GC010658. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GC010658
Frates, E. S., Spietz, R. L., Silverstein, M. R., Girguis, P., Hatzenpichler, R., & Marlow, J. J. (2023). Natural and anthropogenic carbon input affect microbial activity in salt marsh sediment. Frontiers in Microbiology, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1235906
Gulay, A., Fournier, G., Smets, B. F., & Girguis, P. R. (2023). Proterozoic acquisition of archaeal genes for extracellular electron transfer: A metabolic adaptation of aerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria to oxygen limitation. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 40, msad161. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msad161
Hoehler, T. M., Mankel, D. J., Girguis, P. R., McCollom, T. M., Kiang, N. Y., & Jørgensen, B. B. (2023). The metabolic rate of the biosphere and its components. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 120, e2303764120. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2303764120
Hwang, Y., Roux, S., Coclet, C., Krause, S. J., & Girguis, P. R. (2023). Host-Virus interactions with hosts that span distantly related microbial domains in dense hydrothermal mats. Nature Microbiology, 8, 946–957.
Jiarui Liu, Rachel L. Harris, Jeanine L. Ash, James G. Ferry, Sebastian J.E. Krause, Jabrane Labidi, Divya Prakash, Barbara Sherwood Lollar, Tina Treude, Oliver Warr, Edward D. Young. (2023). Reversibility controls on extreme methane clumped isotope signatures from anaerobic oxidation of methane, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Volume 348,Pages 165-186, ISSN 0016-7037.
Kanaan, G., Hoehler, T. M., Iwahana, G., & Deming, J. W. (2023). Modeled energetics of bacterial communities in ancient subzero brines. Frontiers in Microbiology, 14, 1206641.
Kang, W. (2023). The modulation effect of ice thickness variations on convection in icy ocean worlds. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 525, 5251–5261.
Liu, J., Harris, R. L., Ash, J. L., Ferry, J. G., Labidi, J., Krause, S. J. E., Prakash, D., Sherwood Lollar, B., Treude, T., Warr, O., & Young, E. D. (2023). Reversibility controls on extreme methane clumped isotope signatures from anaerobic oxidation of methane. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 348. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2023.02.022
Milesi, V. P., Shock, E., Seewald, J. S., Trembath-Reichert, E., Sylva, S., Huber, J. A., Lim, D. S. S., & German, C. R. (2023). Multiple parameters enable deconvolution of water-rock reaction paths in low-temperature vent-fluids of the Loihi Seamount. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 348, 54–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2023.03.013
Ramirez-Llodra, E., C. Argentino, M. Baker, A. Boetius, C. Costa, H. Dahle, E.M. Denny, P.-A. Dessandier, M.H. Eilertsen, B. Ferre, C.R. German, K. Hand, A. Hilário, L. Hislop J.W. Jamieson, D. Kalnitchenko, A. Mall, G. Panieri, A. Purser, S.P. Ramalho, E.P. Reeves, L. Rolley, S.I. Pereira, P.A. Ribeiro, M.F. Sert, I.H. Steen, M. Stetzler, R. Stokke, L. Victorero, F. Vulcano, S. Vågenes, K.A. Waghorn, and S. Buenz. (2023). Hot vents beneath an icy ocean: The Aurora Vent Field, Gakkel Ridge, revealed. Oceanography 36(1):6–17.
Randolph-Flagg, N., Ely, T., Som, S. M., Shock, E. L., German, C. R., & Hoehler, T. M. (2023). Phosphorous availability and implications for life on ocean worlds. Nature Communications, 14. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-37770-9
Reynard, B., and Sotin, C. (2023). Carbon-rich icy moons and dwarf planets. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 612, 118172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2023.118172
Robinson, K. J., Hartnett, H. E., Gould, I. R., & Shock, E. L. (2023). Ethene-ethanol ratios as potential indicators of hydrothermal activity at Enceladus, Europa, and other icy ocean worlds. Icarus, 406, 115765.
Zhou, Z., Tran, P. Q., Adams, A. M., Kieft, K., Breier, J. A., Fortunato, C. F., Sheik, C. S., Huber, J. A., Li, M., Dick, G. J., & Anantharaman, K. (2023). Sulfur cycling connects microbiomes and biogeochemistry in deep-sea hydrothermal plumes. ISME Journal, 17, 1194–1207.
Baker, I.R., Conley, B.E., Gralnick, J.A. and Girguis, P.R., (2022). Evidence for Horizontal and Vertical Transmission of Mtr-Mediated Extracellular Electron Transfer among the Bacteria. Mbio, 13(1), pp.e02904-21.
Bire, S., Kang, W., Ramadhan, A., Campin, J. M., & Marshall, J. (2022). Exploring Ocean Circulation on Icy Moons Heated From Below. JGR Planets, 127, e2021JE007025.
Daval D., G. Choblet, C. Sotin, F. Guyot (2022). Theoretical considerations on the characteristic timescales of hydrogen generation by serpentinization reactions on Enceladus. JGR Planets, 127, doi.org/10.1029/2021JE006995
German, C. R., Reeves, E., Türke, A., Diehl, A., Albers, E., Bach, W., Purser, A., Ramalho, S., Suman, S., Mertens, C., Walter, M., Ramirez-Llodra, E., Schlindwein, V., Bünz, S., & Boetius, A. (2022). Aurora hydrothermal field, Gakkel Ridge: Neovolcanic hosted, ultramafic-influenced venting? Nature Communications, 13. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-34014-0
German, C.R., Blackman, D.K., Fisher, A.T., Girguis, P.R., Hand, K.P., Hoehler, T.M., Huber, J.A., Marshall, J.C., Pietro, K.R., Seewald, J.S., Shock, E.L., Sotin, C., Thurnherr, A.M., Toner, B.M. (2022) Ocean system science to inform the exploration of ocean worlds. Oceanography DOI: 10.5670/oceanog.2021.411
German, C.R., K.R. Arrigo, A.E. Murray, and A.R. Rhoden. (2022). Planetary oceanography: Leveraging expertise among Earth and planetary science. Oceanography 35(1):10–15, https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2021.410.
Hand, KP, AE Murray, JB Garvin, WB Brinckerhoff, B Christner, KE Edgett, B Ehlmann, C German, A Hayes, T Hoehler, et al (2022). Science goals and mission architecture of the Europa lander mission concept, Planetary Science Journal, 3, doi.org/10.3847/PSJ/ac4493.
Hoehler, T.M. (2022). Implications of H2-CO2 disequilibrium for life on Enceladus, Nature Astronomy, 6, 3-4.
Hoehler, T.M., J.S. Bowman, K.L. Craft, P.A. Willis, and D.P. Winebrenner (2022). Leveraging Earth hydrosphere science in the search for life on ocean worlds. Oceanography, https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2021.412.
Hu, S. K., Smith, A. R., Anderson, R. E., Sylva, S. P., Setzer, M., Steadmon, M., Frank, K. L., Chan, E. W., Lim, D. S. S., German, C. R., Breier, J. A., Lang, S. Q., Butterfield, D. A., Fortunato, C. S., Seewald, J. S., & Huber, J. A. (2022). Globally-distributed microbial eukaryotes exhibit endemism at deep-sea hydrothermal vents. Molecular Ecology, 32, 6580–6598. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.16745
Hwang, Y. and Girguis, P.R., (2022). Differentiated Evolutionary Strategies of Genetic Diversification in Atlantic and Pacific Thaumarchaeal Populations. Msystems, pp.e01477-21.
Jones, R., Nicholas, S.L., Northrup, P., Bostick, B.C., Hoffman, C.L., Hu, W., Lam, P.J., Leri, A., Northrup, P., Toner, B.M., and Twining, B.S. (2022.) Characterization and Speciation of Marine Materials using Synchrotron Probes; Guidelines for New Users. Oceanography DOI:10.5670/oceanog.2022.207
Kang, W., Bire, S., and Marshall, J. (2022). The role of ocean circulation in driving hemispheric symmetry breaking of the ice shell of Enceladus, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Volume 599, 117845, ISSN 0012-821X.
Kang, W., Marshall, J., Mittal, T., and Bire, S. (2022). Ocean dynamics and tracer transport over the south pole geysers of Enceladus. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 517, 3485–3494. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stac2882
Kang, W., Mittal, T., Bire, S., Campin, J. M., and Marshall, J. (2022). How does salinity shape ocean circulation and ice geometry on Enceladus and other icy satellites? Science Advances, 8. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abm4665
MacKenzie, SM, M Neveu, AF Davila, JI Lunine, ML Cable, CM Phillips-Lander, JL Eigenbrode, JH Waite, KL Craft, JD Hofgartner, CP McKay, CR Glein, D Burton, SP Kounaves, RA Mathies, SD Vance, MJ Malaska, R Gold, CR German, KM Soderlund, P Willis, C Freissinet, A McEwen, JR Brucato, JP de Vera, TM Hoehler, and J Heldmann (2022). Science objectives for flagship-class mission concepts for the search for evidence of life at Enceladus, Astrobiology, 685-712. http://doi.org/10.1089/ast.2020.2425.
Self, S., Randolph-Flagg, N.G., Bailey, J., Manga, M. (2022) Erosional columns in ignimbrite deposits around Valles caldera, New Mexico, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 426 (2022): 107536.
Wheat, C. G., Mottl, M. J., Fisher, A. T., & Hulme, S. (2022). Formation waters delineate diverse hydrogeologic conditions at a plate scale: Eastern flank of the Juan de Fuca Ridge. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 23, e2022GC010665.
Cable, M., Porco, C., Glein, C., German, C., MacKenzie, S., Neveu, M., ... Núñez, J. I. (2021). The science case for a return to Enceladus. Planetary Science Journal, 2, 32.
Čadek, O., Kalousová, K., Kvorka, J., & Sotin, C. (2021). The density structure of Titan's outer ice shell. Icarus, 364. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2021.114466
Dick, J.M. and Shock, E.L. (2021) The release of energy during protein synthesis at ultramafic-hosted submarine hydrothermal ecosystems. JGR Biogeosciences 126, e2021JG006436.
Leong, J.A.M., Ely, T. and Shock, E.L. (2021) Decreasing extents of Archean serpentinization contributed to the rise of an oxidized atmosphere. Nat. Comms. 12, 7341.
Leprich, D.J., Flood, B.E., Schroedl, P.R., Ricci, E., Marlow, J.J., Girguis, P.R. and Bailey, J.V., (2021). Sulfur bacteria promote dissolution of authigenic carbonates at marine methane seeps. The ISME journal, 15(7), pp.2043-2056.
MacKenzie, S. M., Neveu, M., Davila, A. F., Lunine, J. I., Craft, K. L., Cable, M. L., ... Spilker, L. J. (2021). The Enceladus Orbilander mission concept: Balancing return and resources in the search for life. Planetary Science Journal, 2, 77.
Marlow, J, D. Hoer, S.P. Jungbluth, L.M. Reynard, A. Gartman, M.S. Chavez, M.Y. El-Naggar, N. Tuross, V.J. Orphan,and P.R. Girguis (2021). Carbonate-hosted microbial communities are prolific and pervasive methane oxidizers at geologically diverse marine methane seep sites, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 118 (25) e2006857118.
Marlow, J., Spietz, R., Kim, K.-Y., Ellisman, M., Girguis, P. and Hatzenpichler, R. (2021), Spatially resolved correlative microscopy and microbial identification reveal dynamic depth- and mineral-dependent anabolic activity in salt marsh sediment. Environ Microbiol, 23: 4756-4777.
Picard A., Gartman A., Girguis PR. Interactions Between Iron Sulfide Minerals and Organic Carbon: Implications for Biosignature Preservation and Detection (2021). Astrobiology (5):587-604. doi: 10.1089/ast.2020.2276. Epub 2021 Mar 29. PMID: 33780638.
Robinson, K. and Gould, I., Hartnett, H. Williams, L. and Shock, E. (2021). Hydrothermal Experiments with Protonated Benzylamines Provide Predictions of Temperature-Dependent Deamination Rates for Geochemical Modeling. ACS Earth and Space Chemistry. 5. 10.1021/acsearthspacechem.1c00104.
Robinson, K.J., Bockisch, C., Gould, I.R., Liao, Y., Yang, Z., Glein, C.R., Shaver, G.D., Hartnett, H.E., Williams, L.B., and Shock, E.L. (2021) Quantifying the extent of amide bond synthesis across geologic conditions relevant to geologic and planetary environments. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 300, 318-332.
Smith, H.H., Hyde, A.S., Simkus, D.N., Libby, E., Maurer, S.E., Graham, H.V., Kempes, C.P., Sherwood Lollar, B., Chou, L., Ellington, A.D. and Fricke, G.M., (2021). The grayness of the origin of life. Life, 11(6), p.498.
Sotin, C., Kalousova, K., and Tobie, G. (2021). Titan's interior structure and dynamics after the Cassini-Huygens mission. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 49.
Cable, M., Neveu, M., Hsu, H., & Hoehler, T. (2020). Enceladus. In V. Meadows et al. (Eds.), Planetary Astrobiology (pp. 217–246). University of Arizona Press. https://doi.org/10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816540068-ch009
Hand, K. P., Bartlett, D. H., Fryer, P., Peoples, L., Williford, K., Hofmann, A. E., & Cameron, J. (2020). Discovery of novel structures at 10.7 km depth in the Mariana Trench may reveal chemolithoautotrophic microbial communities. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2020.103238
Hand, K. P., Sotin, C., Hayes, A., & Coustenis, A. (2020). On the habitability and future exploration of ocean worlds. Space Science Reviews, 216(5), 95. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-020-00713-7
Li, J., Mara, P., Schubotz, F., Sylvan, J., Burgaud, G., Klein, F., ... Edgcomb, V. P. (2020). Recycling and metabolic flexibility dictate life in the lower oceanic crust. Nature, 579, 250–255. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2075-5
McDermott, J.M, S.P. Sylva, S. Ono, C.R. German, & J.S. Seewald (2020). Abiotic redox reactions in hydrothermal mixing zones: Decreased energy availability for the subsurface biosphere, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 117 (34) 20453-20461.
Neri, A., Guyot, F., Reynard, B., and Sotin, C. (2020). A carbonaceous chondrite and cometary origin for icy moons of Jupiter and Saturn. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 530, 115926.
Ray, C. A., Glein, C., Waite, J. H., Teolis, B., Hoehler, T., Huber, J. A., Lunine, J., & Postberg, F. (2020). Oxidation processes diversify the metabolic menu on Enceladus. Icarus. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2020.114248.